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share-level security: we allow guest access to the printer and we specify the guest user that Samba should use to execute print commands. 7.1.5 Test Printing Here is how you can test printing from the Samba server. Let s assume the most complex case and use a guest account. First, run the Samba testparm command on your configuration file that contains the print shares, as we did in Chapter 2, Installing Samba on a Unix System. This will tell you if there are any syntactical problems with the configuration file. For example, here is what you would see if you left out the path configuration option in the previous example: # testparm Load smb config files from /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf Processing configuration file “/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf” Processing section “[global] ” Processing section “[homes] ” Processing section “[data] ” Processing section “[printers] ” No path in service printers -
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[global] printing = BSD print command = /usr/bin/lpr -P%p -r % s printcap file = /etc/printcap min print space = 2000 [printers] path = /usr/spool/public printable = true guest ok = true guest account = pcguest Here, we ve given Samba global options that specify the printing type (BSD), a print command to send data to the printer and remove a temporary file, our default printer capabilities file, and a minimum printing space of 2 megabytes. In addition, we ve created a [printers]share for each of the system printers. Our temporary spooling directory is specified by the pathoption: /usr/spool/public. Each of the shares is marked as printable - this is necessary, even in the [printers]section. The two guest options are useful in the event that Samba is
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the values given in the [printers]section. (Variables in the [global]section do not apply here.) If neither of those succeed, Samba looks for a defaultserviceshare. If none is found, it returns an error. This brings to light an important point: be careful that you do not give a printer the same name as a user. Otherwise, you will end up connecting to a disk share when you may have wanted a printer share instead. Here is an example [printers]share for a Linux (BSD) system. Some of these options are already defaults; however, we have listed them anyway for illustrative purposes: 228
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the values given in the [homes]and [global]sections. Otherwise, if the name matches a printer in the system printer capabilities file, and a [printers]share exists, a new share is created with the name of the printer and initialized
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familiar Unix commands for tasks such as load balancing or maintenance. 7.1.4 The [printers] Share Chapter 4, Disk Shares , briefly introduced [printers], a special share for automatically creating printing services. Let s review how it works: if you create a share named [printers] in the configuration file, Samba will automatically read in your printer capabilities file and create a printing share for each printer that appears in the file. For example, if the Samba server had lp, pcland psprinters in its printer capabilities file, Samba would provide three printer shares with those names, each configured with the options in the [printers]share. Recall that Samba obeys following rules when a client requests a share that has not been created through the smb.conf file: If the share name matches a username in the system password file and a [homes]share exists, a new share is created with the name of the user and is initialized
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one or more Samba machines as a print server gives you a great deal of flexibility on your LAN. You can easily partition your available printers, restricting some to members of one department, or you can maintain a bank of printers available to all. In addition, you can restrict a printer to a selected few by adding the trusty validusers option to its share definition: [deskjet] printable = yes path = /var/spool/samba/print valid users = gail sam All of the other share accessibility options defined in the previous chapter should work for printing shares as well. Since the printers themselves are accessed through Samba by name, it s also simple to delegate print services among several servers
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users. You can set it with the following command: guest account = ftp Another common printing issue is that clients may need to request the status of a print job sent to the Samba server. Samba will not reject a document from being sent to an already busy printer share. Consequently, Samba needs the ability to communicate not only the status of the current printing job to the client, but also which documents are currently waiting to be printed on that printer. Samba also has to provide the client the ability to pause print jobs, resume print jobs, and remove print jobs from the printing queue. Samba provides options for each of these tasks. As you might expect, they borrow functionality from existing Unix commands. The options are: lpq command lprm command lppause command lpresume command We will cover these options in more detail below. For the most part, however, the value of the printingconfiguration option will determine their values, and you should not need to alter the default values of these options. Here are a few important items to remember about printing shares: You must put printable=yesin all printer shares (even [printers]), so that Samba will know that they are printer shares. If you forget, the shares will not be usable for printing and will instead be treated as disk shares. If you set the pathconfiguration option in the printer section, any files sent to the printer(s) will be copied to the directory you specify instead of to the default location of /tmp. As the amount of disk space allocated to /tmp can be relatively small in some Unix operating systems, many administrators opt to use /var/spool or some other directory instead. The read only option is ignored for printer shares. If you set guestok=yesin a printer share and Samba is configured for share-level security, it will allow anyone to send data to the printer as the guestaccountuser. 227
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share-level security, pay special attention to the guest account used by Samba. The typical setting, nobody, may not be allowed to print by the operating system. If that s true for your operating system, you should place a guestaccountoption under the printing share (or even perhaps the global share) specifying an account that can. A popular candidate with the Samba authors is the ftpaccount, which is often preconfigured to be safe for untrusted guest 226
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a System V architecture: printing = SYSV If you are
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7.1.2 Printing Variables Samba provides four variables specifically for use with printing configuration options. They are shown in Table 7.1. Table 7.1: Printing Variables Variable Definition %s The full pathname of the file on the Samba server to be printed %f The name of the file itself (without the preceding path) on the Samba server to be printed %p The name of the Unix printer to use %j The number of the print job (for use with lprm, lppause, and lpresume) 7.1.3 A Minimal Printing Setup Let s start with a simple but illustrative printing share. Assuming that you re on a Linux system and you have a printer called lplisted in the printer capabilities file, the following addition to your smb.conf file will make the printer accessible through the network: [printer1] printable = yes print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r % s printer = lp printing = BSD read only = yes guest ok = yes This configuration allows anyone to send data to the printer, something we may want to change later. For the moment, what s important to understand is that the variable %sin the print commandoption will be replaced with the name of the file to be printed when Samba executes the command. Changing the print commandto reflect a different style of Unix machine typically involves only replacing the right side of the printcommandoption with whatever command you need for your system and changing the target of the printingoption. Let s look at the commands for a System V Unix. With variable substitution, the System V Unix command becomes: print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm % s As mentioned earlier, the %pvariable resolves to the name of the printer, while the %svariable resolves to the name of the file. After that, you can change the printingoption to reflect that you re
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