Instead of simply hiding files beginning with a dot, you can also specify a string pattern to Samba for files to hide,
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the Folder Options menu item under the View menu in Windows 98), they will still be able to see the files, as shown in Figure 5.2. Figure 5.2: Hidden files in the [data] share 149
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Samba Robert Eckstein, David Collier-Brown, Peter Kelly 1st Edition November 1999 1-56592-449-5, Order Number: 4495 416 pages, $34.95 Buy the hardcopy Table of Contents Chapter 5 Browsing and Advanced Disk Shares 5.2 Filesystem Differences One of the biggest issues for which Samba has to correct is the difference between Unix and non-Unix filesystems. This includes items such as handling symbolic links, hidden files, and dot files. In addition, file permissions can also be a headache if not accounted for properly. This section describes how to use Samba to make up for some of those annoying differences, and even how to add some new functionality of its own. 5.2.1 Hiding and Vetoing Files There are some cases when we need to ensure that a user cannot see or access a file at all. Other times, we don t want to keep a user from accessing a file - we just want to hide it when they view the contents of the directory. On Windows systems, an attribute of files allows them to be hidden from a folder listing. With Unix, the traditional way of hiding files in a directory is to precede them with a dot (.). This prevents items such as configuration files or defaults from being seen when performing an ordinary lscommand. Keeping a user from accessing a file at all, however, involves working with permissions on files and or directories. The first option we should discuss is the boolean hidedotfiles. This option does exactly what it says. When set to yes, the option treats files beginning with a period (.) as hidden. If set to no, those files are always shown. The important thing to remember is that the files are only hidden. If the user has chosen to show all hidden files while browsing (e.g.,
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[global] domain master = yes If you have a Windows NT server on the network acting as a primary domain controller (PDC), we recommend that you do not use Samba to become the domain master browser. The reverse is true as well: if Samba is taking on the responsibilities of a PDC, we recommend making it the domain master browser. Splitting the PDC and the domain master browser will cause unpredictable errors to occur on the network. 5.1.5.13 remote browse sync The global remotebrowsesyncoption specifies that Samba should synchronize its browse lists with local master browsers in other subnets. However, the synchronization can occur only with other Samba servers, and not with Windows computers. For example, if your Samba server was a master browser on the subnet 192.168.235, and Samba local master browsers existed on other subnets at 192.168.234.92 and 192.168.236.2, you could specify the following: remote browse sync = 192.168.234.92 192.168.236.2 The Samba server would then directly contact the other machines on the address list and synchronize browse lists. You can also say: remote browse sync = 192.168.234.255 192.168.236.255 This forces Samba to broadcast queries to determine the IP addresses of the local master browser on each subnet, with which it will then synchronize browse lists. This only works, however, if your router doesn t block directed broadcast requests ending in 255. 5.1.5.14 remote announce Samba servers are capable of providing browse lists to foreign subnets with the remote announceoption. This is typically sent to the local master browser of the foreign subnet in question. However, if you do not know the address of the local master browser, you can do the following: [global] remote announce = 192.168.234.255/ACCOUNTING 192.168.236.255/ACCOUNTING With this, Samba will broadcast host announcements to all machines on subnets 192.168.234 and 192.168.236, which will hopefully reach the local master browser of the subnet. You can also specify exact IP addresses, if they are known. 4.8 Logging Configuration Options 5.2 Filesystem Differences O Reilly Home | O Reilly Bookstores | How to Order | O Reilly Contacts International | About O Reilly | Affiliated Companies 1999, O Reilly & Associates, Inc. 148
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[global] lm announce = yes The default value is auto. You probably won t need to change this value from its default. 5.1.5.9 lm interval This option, which is used in conjunction with lmannounce, indicates the number of seconds nmbd will wait before repeatedly broadcasting LAN Manager-style announcements. Remember that LAN Manager announcements must be activated in order for this option to be used. The default value is 60 seconds. If you set this value to 0, Samba will not send any LAN Manager host announcements, no matter what the value of the lmannounceoption. You can reset the value of this option as follows: [global] lm interval = 90 5.1.5.10 preferred master The preferredmasteroption requests that Samba set the preferred master bit when participating in an election. This gives the server a higher preferred status in the workgroup than other machines at the same operating system level. If you are configuring your Samba machine to become the local master browser, it is wise to set the following value: [global] preferred master = yes Otherwise, you should leave it set to its default, no. If Samba is configured as a preferred master browser, it will force an election when it first comes online. 5.1.5.11 os level The global osleveloption dictates the operating system level at which Samba will masquerade during a browser election. If you wish to have Samba win an election and become the master browser, you can set the level above that of the operating system on your network with the highest current value. The values are shown in Table 5-1. The default level is 0, which means that Samba will lose all elections. If you wish Samba to win all elections, you can reset its value as follows: os level = 34 This means that the server will vote for itself 34 times each time an election is called, which ensures a victory. 5.1.5.12 domain master If Samba is the primary domain controller for your workgroup or NT domain, it should also be the domain master browser. The domain master browser is a special machine that has the NetBIOS resource type <1B> and is used to propagate browse lists to and from each of the local master browsers in individual subnets across the domain. To force Samba to become the domain master browser, set the following in the [global]section of the smb.conf: 147
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the loadprintersoption instead. Any shares listed with the autoservicesoption will not be displayed if the browselistoption is set to no. 5.1.5.6 default service The global defaultserviceoption (sometimes called default) names a “last-ditch” share. If set to an existing share name, and a client requests a nonexistent disk or printer share, Samba will attempt to connect the user to the share specified by this option instead. The option is specified as follows: default service = helpshare Note that there are no braces surrounding the share name helpshare, even though the definition of the share later in the Samba configuration file will have braces. Also, if you use the %Svariable in the share specified by this option, it will represent the requested, nonexistent share, not the default service. Any underscores (_) specified in the request share will be converted to slashes (/) when the variable is used. 5.1.5.7 local master This global option specifies whether Samba will attempt to become the local master browser for the subnet when it starts up. If this option is set to yes, Samba will take place in elections. However, setting this option by itself does not guarantee victory. (Other parameters, such as preferredmasterand oslevelhelp Samba win browsing elections.) If this option is set to no, Samba will lose all browsing elections, no matter which values are specified by the other configuration options. The default value is yes. 5.1.5.8 lm announce The global lmannounceoption tells Samba s nmbd whether or not to send LAN Manager host announcements on behalf of the server. These host announcements may be required by older clients, such as IBM s OS/2 operating system. This announcement allows the server to be added to the browse lists of the client. If activated, Samba will announce itself repetitively at the number of seconds specified by the lmintervaloption. This configuration option takes the standard boolean values, yesand no, which engage or disengage LAN Manager announcements, respectively. In addition, there is a third option, auto, which causes nmbd to passively listen for LAN Manager announcements, but not send any of its own initially. If LAN Manager announcements are detected for another machine on the network, nmbd will start sending its own LAN Manager announcements to ensure that it is visible. You can specify the option as follows: 146
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5.1.5.5 auto services The global autoservicesoption, which is also called preload, ensures that the specified shares are always visible in the browse list. One common use for this option is to advertise specific user or printer shares that are created by the [homes]or [printers]shares, but are not otherwise browsable. This option works best with disk shares. If you wish to force each of your system printers (i.e., those listed in the printer capabilities file) into the browse list
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Windows Explorer. It simply prevents information in the browse list from being retrieved by any client that requests it. 145
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NET USE or by mapping a drive letter to it
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